Narrative Text: Pengertian, Struktur, Contoh

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Pengertian Narrative Text

Narrative text adalah jenis teks yang menceritakan sebuah kisah dengan masalah dan solusi yang dihadapi, sehingga ada moral (pelajaran hidup) yang diambil dari kisah tersebut.

Teks ini biasanya berupa cerita imajinasi atau fiktif (tidak nyata), seperti:

dongeng (fairy tale),
cerita rakyat (folktale),
mitos (myth),
fable (fabel), atau
legenda (legend).

Bagaimana dengan fungsi/tujuan, struktur, ciri dan contoh dari teks ini? Mari kita bahas penjelasan lengkapnya dibawah ini!

Tujuan Narrative Text

Social function/purpose of the narrative text is to amuse or entertain the readers with a story.

Tujuan dari narrative text adalah untuk menghibur pembaca dengan sebuah cerita.

Struktur Narrative Text

Struktur penulisan (generic structure) dari narrative text terdiri dari:

Orientation	pengenalan tokoh, waktu dan tempat kejadian
Complication	masalah atau konflik yang dihadapi
Resolution	penyelesaian masalah dari cerita tersebut

Ciri Kebahasaan Narrative Text

Ciri kebahasaan (language/grammatical features) dari narrative text, antara lain:

Past tense, kata kerja bentuk lampau, seperti: they lived in a village, he was a poor farmer, dsb.
Action verb, kata kerja aktif, seperti: went, walked, sang, slept, drove, dsb.
Time connector atau conjunction, kata hubung seperti, then, soon, before, after, as soon as.
Direct speech, ucapan langsung, seperti: “You should go now!”, said Laras.
Indirect speech, ucapan tidak langsung, seperti: the old woman said she didn’t find the ring.
Adjective, kata sifat, seperti: beautiful, old, young, dsb.
Adverb, kata keterangan, seperti: happily, carelessly, carefully, dsb.

Contoh Narrative Text

Berikut adalah contoh narrative text:

The Emperor and His Daughters

There was once an emperor who lived in a palace. He had two daughters but no sons.

He wanted his daughters to marry before he died. He found two princes. However, his daughters didn't like them. They refused to marry the princes, so the emperor became very angry. He said they must get married when they were sixteen years old.

The two daughters ran away during the night and found work on a farm. They fell in love with the farmer's sons while they were working there. They married the sons as soon as they were sixteen.

Adapted from: New Headway Intermediate Student's Book, 2003

Struktur (generic structure) dari text diatas:

Orientation	There was once an emperor who lived in a palace. He had two daughters but no sons.
Complication	He wanted his daughters to marry before he died. He found two princes. However, his daughters didn't like them. They refused to marry the princes, so the emperor became very angry. He said they must get married when they were sixteen years old.
Resolution	The two daughters ran away during the night and found work on a farm. They fell in love with the farmer's sons while they were working there. They married the sons as soon as they were sixteen.

Baca juga: recount text, descriptive text

Okay, class. Bagaimana materinya? Mudah-mudahan diberikan kemudahan dalam memahaminya ya.

Nah, itu semua materi yang berkaitan dengan narrative text meliputi pengertian, fungsi, struktur, ciri dan contoh narrative text.

Sekarang sudah tahu kan mengenai teks ini? Terus belajar dan berlatih ya. Semoga materi ini dapat menambah pengetahuan kita semua. Silahkan share sebanyak-banyaknya.

Baca juga materi menarik lainnya:

Mau tau kemampuan Bahasa Inggrismu??? Cek Bahasa Inggrismu DISINI

Reference:

Knapp, Peter and Megan Watkins. 2005. Genre, Text, Grammar-Technologies for Teaching and Assessing Writing. New South Wales University Press: New South Wales.
Molinsky, Steven J. and Bill Bliss. 2003. Side by Side International Version 3: Third Edition. Pearson Education: New York.
Soars, John, Liz and Amanda Maris. 2003. New Headway Intermediate Student’s Book (New Edition). Oxford University Press: New York.